system cabinet contains

CABINATE: -

                        Computer cabinets are available in two types.

1.      Minicomputer (vertical)

2.      Desktop (horizontal)

Mini tower type cabinet is like a tower where as the desktop type is a box

                 In mini tower, monitor is kept near the C.P.U.

In desktop type, monitor is kept on the C.P.U

                        On the front side of the cabinet some switches & LED’s are fixed. They a

When the computer switch is on this LED light’s up.

Internal Commands of system 

DIR Directory Commands are given below:
Sl.No.	Command	Function	Usage
1	DIR	By using this command to display files and folders in               particular drive.	DIR press Enter.
2	DIR <Drive>	List all files from the current directory of drive mentioned.	DIR A: Enter> DIR C: Enter>
3	DIR<Drive>/<Directory>	List all files present in the Subdirectory of the drive mentioned.	DIRA:\msoffice <Enter>
4	DIR<*.extension>	Lists all fields with the extension DOC present in the current drive.	DIR*.DOC <Enter>
5	DIR / P	By using this command to display files and directories In the Page.	DIR/P press Enter.
6	DIR/W	To display files and directories in width wise.	DIR/W
7	DIR/ah	To Display the hidden files present in the DIR/ah Directory	DIR/ah
8	DIR / ON	By using this command to display files and Directories in ascending order by name wise.	DIR/ON – Enter
9	DIR / O-N	To display files and directories in descending order By name wise.	DIR / O-N press Enter.
10	DIR / OS	To Display files and directories  lowest size to  Highest size	DIR/ OS press Enter.
11	DIR / O-S	To display files and directories highest size to Lowest size.	DIR /O-S press Enter.
12	DIR/OD	To Display files and directories old data to new data.	DIR/OD press Enter.
13	DIR/O-D	To Display files and directories new data to old data.	DIR/O-D Press Enter.
14	DIR/OG	To Display files and directories in group wise.	DIR/OG press Enter.
15	DIR/O-G	To Display files and directories.	DIR/O-G press Enter.
16	DIR / OE	To Display files and directories in Extension wise.	DIR / OE press Enter
17	DIR/AD	To display only directories.	DIR /AD press Enter.
18	DIR/ A-D	To Display only files.	DIR / A-D press Enter.
19	DIR/ AR	To Display read only files.	DIR/AR press Enter.
20	DIR/AS	To Display only system files.	DIR/AS Press Enter.
21	COPY CON	By using this command you can create files in MS-DOS. Syntax  : copy con filename.extention	EX :- copy con Zameer.txt press (Enter)
22	COPY	To copy 1 file to another file you can use this Command copy source target.	EX: - copy old filename new filename (Harini, Infosys).
23	REN (Rename )	By using this command you can change files or folders names.  Ren old file name new file name.	EX:- Run Sony china (Harini ,Infosys)
24	Delete	By using this command you can delete files in MS-DOS. DEL file name.	Del china (Infosys)
25	MD (make Directory )	By using this command you can create a directory in MS- DOS.	MD Directory name. EX:- CD India.
26	CD ( Change Directory )	To change one directory to another directory. You can use this command.CD, directory name.	EX:- CD India
27	RD (Remove directory )	By using this command you can Remove a Directory in MS-DOS.	RD directory name.  EX:- RD INDIA.
28	NOTE	By using Recommend to delete a directory it must be Empty.	NOTE Enter
29	RD - Drive - Directory name	Used it relive a directory. If you want to remove a directory, first make sure that all the files and sub-directories. Under it are removed.	RD new files – Enter
30	Type - Drive - Directory - File Name.	Displays the contents of a text file. If the file I not a text file, then junk characters will be displayed.	Type my file.tex - Enter.
31	VER - Enter	Displays the Version of Dos	VER - Enter.

harini infosys - Dos Commands

Operating Systems - MS-DOS - Commands

Command	Description
dir	lists the contents of a folder
cd	changes folder
cd ..	parent folder
md or mkdir	creates a new folder
deltree	deletes a folder and all sub-folders
copy, xcopy	copies a file
move	moves a file
del	deletes a file
type	displays the contents of a file
type |more	displays file contents page by page, pausing after each page
help	help for the given command
print	prints the given file
attrib (-/+r, -/+a, -/+s, -/+h)	changes a file's attributes (- deactivates, + activates, r: read-only, a: archive, s: system, h: hidden file)
format	formats the given drive
label	assigns a drive name to a drive
ver	gives the version number

operating system configuration

Operating system	Associated file system
DOS	FAT16
Windows XP	NTFS
Windows 98	FAT32
Windows 95	FAT16 - FAT32 (for version OSR2)
Windows NT	NTFS
OS/2	HPFS
Linux	Linux Ext2, Linux Ext3

harini infosys

Creating a start menu

In DOS, Windows 95 or Windows 98 systems it is possible to create a start menu where you can select which devices are to be loaded in DOS and even (as is the case with Windows 95/98) tell the system to start-up in either Windows or DOS. The config.sys and autoexec.bat files (and in Windows the msdos.sys file) must be modified to allow the selection of DOS and Windows at start-up. 

operating systems harini infosys

Operating Systems - Customizing DOS

Config.sys

The config.sys file is a text file which loads device drivers and defines parameters for MS-DOS.

·      device is used to load device drivers

·      device high loads the driver into the high memory area

·      dos defines the area of memory where DOS will be loaded

·      drivparm defines disk drive specifications

·      fcbs specifies the number of file control blocks

·      files specifies the number of files that can be opened at the same time

·      install runs a resident program (TSR - terminate and stay resident)

·      last drive defines the number of valid disk drives

·      shell indicates that another command prompt other than

·      COMMAND.COM should be used.

·      stacks specifies the amount of memory reserved for hardware interrupts 

means of operating system

  About O.S (Operating System):  

Operating System is the personality of microprocessor. The OS plays a pivotal role in all activities of the PC.  OS organized collection of software’s that controls the overall operations of the PC.